Understanding Normative Growth and Development in Aging

No abstract available for this article.     

Thriving Older African American Women: Aging After Jim Crow

ABSTRACT

This paper is based on the findings of small group discussions with self-defined successful African American women age 60+ in Charlotte, North Carolina. These women, who lived through the Jim Crow era and thrived in spite of the obstacles, continue to seek meaning in their lives through the roles they play in their families, churches, and communities. They feel strongly that there is a core of key values that continue to hold meaning and struggle to impart these values to those whose lives they touch. The key values identified include education, religion, work, and giving back to the community, and illustrate the integration of both traditional and nontraditional definitions of success. Mentoring is proposed as an important concept for understanding the lives of African American women in later life.     

近三十年新疆高校少数民族汉语教学研究述评

文章对1979年以来发表在新疆主要刊物和区外核心刊物中的423篇高校少数民族汉语教学研究论文进行了统计分析。在30年的发展中其成绩主要表现在研究基础不断扩大、研究论题走向广泛与细化、研究方法有一定的改进。而存在的主要缺憾是研究内容不深入、研究方法单一,定量和定性研究重视不够等问题。目前新疆高校少数民族汉语教育虽然有较大发展,但在教学上过度依赖对外汉语教学,在研究层次上仍处于相对较低的水平。     

汉代造物设计地位锥指

造物设计就是治国;治国就是设计。设计从来没有像汉代社会这样突出而富有意义。在中央,有少府掌管各种造物部门、工艺作坊与工场。在地方,有郡县工官设置;造物设计被纳入封建伦理与礼乐制度的范围之中。就造物设计在当时社会中的地位作初步论述,以期探明汉代设计艺术兴盛与辉煌背后的社会历史要素,以期唤醒当代社会对设计艺术的高度重视。     

对山西省高校高水平运动员学籍管理现状的调查与分析

采用文献资料调研法、问卷调查法、数理统计法等研究方法,对山西省高校高水平运动员学籍管理现状进行了研究与分析。研究结果表明:山西高校所招收的高水平运动员都能按照各校学籍管理规定按时完成入学与注册手续的办理,但是部分学校存在高水平运动员的"挂靠"现象;在成绩的考核与记载方面,山西大部分高校对运动员大学生都采用插班教学,与普通大学生使用相同的教学大纲、教学进度,在考试时使用相同的试卷,在成绩记载时依据体育竞赛的成绩给予相应加分的办法。     

自动化类专业学生学风状况实证研究

学风是高校校园文化的重要组成部分,学生的学习心态、群体行为以及社会、家庭与学校环境是影响学风的主要因素。加强对大学生的思想教育与自我教育,构建师生互动平台,重视课堂教育,完善学风制度,实行教考分离等措施可以加强学风建设。     

Socioeconomic Status,Family Processes,and Individual Development

Research during the past decade shows that social class or socioeconomic status (SES) is related to satisfaction and stability in romantic unions, the quality of parent‐child relationships, and a range of developmental outcomes for adults and children. This review focuses on evidence regarding potential mechanisms proposed to account for these associations. Research findings reported during the past decade demonstrate support for an interactionist model of the relationship between SES and family life, which incorporates assumptions from both the social causation and social selection perspectives. This review concludes with recommendations for future research on SES, family processes, and individual development in terms of important theoretical and methodological issues yet to be addressed.     

The Effects of Participation Rate on the Internal Reliability of Peer Nomination Measures

Although low participation rates have historically been considered problematic in peer nomination research, some researchers have recently argued that small proportions of participants can, in fact, provide adequate sociometric data. The current study used a classical measurement perspective to investigate the internal reliability (Cronbach's α) of peer nomination measures of acceptance, popularity, friendship, prosocial behavior, and overt aggression. Data from 642 participants attending 10 schools were resampled at different participation rates ranging from 5 percent to 100 percent of the original samples. Results indicated that (1) the association between participation rate and Cronbach's α was curvilinear across schools and variables; (2) collecting more data for a given variable (by using unlimited vs. limited nominations, or two vs. one items) was significantly related to higher internal reliability; and (3) certain variables (overt aggression, popularity) were more reliable than others (acceptance, friendship). Implications for future research were discussed.     

多重边缘者：基于对D村光棍群体社会地位的考察

本文将光棍群体放在村落共同体转型背景下进行理解后发现，光棍群体社会地位低下，处于村落社区末端，他们在家庭内部、人情交往、公共生活和政治参与四个层面均被村落社区完全排斥在外，从而处于多重边缘地位。改善光棍群体的社会地位需要关注他们的生活质量以及加强村落共同体内部的组织建设。     

Reexamining the ethnic hierarchy of locational attainment: Evidence from Los Angeles

Because of a lack of data, the locational attainment literature has not incorporated documentation status into models examining group differences in neighborhood quality. I fill this void by using the Los Angeles Family and Neighborhood Survey, which permits the identification of undocumented respondents, allowing a reexamination of the ethnic structure of locational attainment in this important immigrant-receiving city. Results first suggest that while undocumented Latinos live in the poorest quality communities, blacks live in neighborhoods that are similar to native-born Latinos and better than foreign-born Asians and Latinos. Second, the effects of education are strongest for blacks, allowing the highly educated an opportunity to reside in communities that are of better quality than educated Latinos and Asians. Thus, undocumented Latinos replace blacks at the bottom of the locational attainment hierarchy, allowing educated blacks in Los Angeles to reside in better neighborhoods than blacks in the nation at large.